(Ivanhoe Newswire) -- New research provides insight into the disabling
depression experienced by many new mothers and may lead to better treatment.
Postpartum depression has been linked to changes in steroid hormone levels in
the brain, but experts believe other factors also contribute to the condition.
Researchers recently observed in mice a significant decrease in brain components
containing GABAA receptors during pregnancy. The receptors are part of the GABA
neurotransmitter system, which has been linked to anxiety disorders. They are
also a major target for neurosteroid hormones, which play a role in mood. After
giving birth, researchers say the GABAA-containing components appeared to
rebound, probably because neurosteroid hormones, which increase during
pregnancy, drop quickly after birth.
Researchers also looked at mice deficient in these components and found they
suffered from depression-like behaviors following the birth of their litters and
demonstrated other abnormal maternal behaviors that led to lower survival of
their pups. When the mice were treated with a substance to boost GABA activity,
their behavior normalized and pup survival increased.
Istvan Mody, Ph.D., study author from the University of California, Los Angeles,
believes these mouse models “will foster further insights into the mechanisms of
postpartum depression and may provide much needed therapeutic potential for the
large number of new mothers suffering from mood disorders.”
SOURCE: Neuron, published online July 30, 2008
